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A Lesson on Pigeon Express Export Lesson as PDF | Save As Favorite

A Lesson on Pigeon Express Grade: Grade 4
Subject: English Language Arts
Created by: Kelly Reis
Lesson Length: 1 hour 15 minutes
Keywords/Tags: http://lessonfarm.com/lesson.php?id=137
Lesson Description: http://lessonfarm.com/lesson.php?id=137
Common Core Standards Covered with This Lesson
  • CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RL.4.1: Refer to details and examples in a text when explaining what the text says explicitly and when drawing inferences from the text.
  • CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RL.4.3: Describe in depth a character, setting, or event in a story or drama, drawing on specific details in the text (e.g., a character’s thoughts, words, or actions).
  • CSS.ELA-Literacy.RL.4.6: Compare and contrast the point of view from which different stories are narrated, including the difference between first- and third-person narrations.
  • CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RL.4.7: Make connections between the text of a story or drama and a visual or oral presentation of the text, identifying where each version reflects specific descriptions and directions in the text.
  • CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RL.4.10: By the end of the year, read and comprehend literature, including stories, dramas, and poetry, in the grades 4–5 text complexity band proficiently, with scaffolding as needed at the high end of the range.
  • CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.4.1: Refer to details and examples in a text when explaining what the text says explicitly and when drawing inferences from the text.
  • CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.4.3: Explain events, procedures, ideas, or concepts in a historical, scientific, or technical text, including what happened and why, based on specific information in the text.
  • CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.4.5: Describe the overall structure (e.g., chronology, comparison, cause/effect, problem/solution) of events, ideas, concepts, or information in a text or part of a text.
  • CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.4.9: Integrate information from two texts on the same topic in order to write or speak about the subject knowledgeably.
  • CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RF.4.3: Know and apply grade-level phonics and word analysis skills in decoding words.
  • CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RF.4.4: Read with sufficient accuracy and fluency to support comprehension.
  • CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.4.1: Write opinion pieces on topics or texts, supporting a point of view with reasons and information.
  • CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.4.1b: Provide reasons that are supported by facts and details.
  • CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.4.9: Draw evidence from literary or informational texts to support analysis, reflection, and research.
  • CCSS.ELA-Literacy.SL.4.3: Identify the reasons and evidence a speaker provides to support particular points.
  • CCSS.ELA-Literacy.SL.4.4: Report on a topic or text, tell a story, or recount an experience in an organized manner, using appropriate facts and relevant, descriptive details to support main ideas or themes; speak clearly at an understandable pace.
  • CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.4.2: Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing.
  • CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.4.4: Determine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases based on grade 4 reading and content, choosing flexibly from a range of strategies.
  • CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.4.4a: Use context (e.g., definitions, examples, or restatements in text) as a clue to the meaning of a word or phrase.
  • CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.4.5: Demonstrate understanding of figurative language, word relationships, and nuances in word meanings.
  • CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.4.6: Acquire and use accurately grade-appropriate general academic and domain-specific words and phrases, including those that signal precise actions, emotions, or states of being (e.g., quizzed, whined, stammered) and that are basic to a particular topic (e.g., wildlife, conservation, and endangered when discussing animal preservation).
 
     
     
 
Lesson Content: Reading
Instructions: Please read the following reading passage as many times as needed (aloud and silent) before starting to go through other lesson pages. Understanding the content of this passage is very important since the lesson activities will be all about this content. Feel free to print the passage if needed.

Pigeon Express

My uncle told me that long ago people used carrier pigeons to take messages to other people. He actually has some carrier pigeons. They live in a coop on the roof of his apartment building. They aren’t everyday pigeons—they have been trained.

My uncle had carrier pigeons when he was a child. He grew up and went into the army, but now he works at a store. He has always loved those carrier pigeons. So when he got enough money, he bought some and trained them himself.

Every day, my uncle writes a note to his sister. His sister lives on the south side and my uncle lives on the west side. He tells his sister about his day in his notes. He says it’s not urgent to tell her the news. He just likes using the carrier pigeons.

His sister thinks this is silly. When the pigeon comes, she takes the note and reads it but does not send anything back. Afterwards, the bird comes back to my uncle’s coop.

One day there was a sudden rainstorm after the pigeon left my uncle’s coop. It rained so hard and so long that everything was flooded. The pigeon did not come back immediately, so my uncle started to worry about the pigeon. He worried about his sister, too. But then the pigeon came back. It was very wet. It had a note in a plastic bag. The note said, “I am ok.”

Later that summer, there was another problem. The power was out. We did not have any telephone service. My uncle said, “See, pigeons can work all the time. They don’t need electricity.” He wrote that in a note, too. He tied that note to the pigeon. Then he sent that note
to his sister.

About an hour later, the pigeon came back. It had another note on it. “You’re right,” it said. “I have learned that you can count on pigeons. But I still want my telephone back.”

The phone lines were back the next day. We were not worried, though. We knew we could always count on our pigeon express.

 
     
     
 
Lesson Content: Reading
Instructions: Please read the following articles as many times as you may need. Start by reading the stories aloud a couple of times, and then read them quietly to yourself before going through other lesson pages. It is very important to understand the content of this passage because the lesson activities will be all about this content. Enjoy!

WWII Carrier Pigeon Finally Delivers Secret Message by Lama Hasan

Secrets from World War II may have been found in a coded message attached to the skeleton of a carrier pigeon found in an English chimney.The bird was found when David Martin in Bletchingly, Surrey, was renovating his fireplace.Martin told the BBC that he began “pulling it down, pulling it down…then the pigeon bones began appearing one by one by one. Down came the leg with the red capsule on with a message inside.” Martin called the discovery unbelievable and his wife was so delighted with the 70-year-old surprise she said it was like “Christmas.” Theories suggest the bird was making its way from behind enemy lines, perhaps from Nazi occupied France during the D Day invasions heading toward Bletchley Park which was Britain’s main decryption establishment during World War II. Others say the bird likely got lost, disorientated in bad weather or was simply exhausted after its trip across the English Channel and landed in the Martin’s chimney. More than 250,000 carrier pigeons were used in World War II. They were called the National Pigeon Service and were relied on heavily to transport secret messages. During the war the Dickin Medal, which is the highest possible animal’s decoration for valor, was awarded to 32 pigeons, including the United States Army Pigeon Service’s G.I. Joe and the Irish pigeon Paddy. Government code breakers are working to read the message found in Martin’s chimney. Colin Hill from the Bletchley Park pigeon exhibition told BBC, ”I thought no way on earth can I work this one out.” They have determined so far that the message is from a Sgt. W. Stott and that it was written 70 years ago.

 
     
     
 
Lesson Content: Video
Instructions: Please watch the following video about the Pigeon Carrier's remains found in 2012. Very cool!
WWII carrier pigeon message discovered in Surrey chimney
 
     
     
 
Frequently Asked Questions
Instructions: Below you will see some Frequently Asked Questions that shows a list of questions and answers related to Carrier Pigeons. 

1. How do Carrier Pigeons bring messages?
A capsule is attached to the Pigeons leg and they are trained to go where they are told. 

2. How do Carrier Pigeons know where to deliver the message?
They are able to tell from the angle of the sun against the horizon that they aren't at their home loft area. They are somehow able to accurately determine which way they have to go to return, and they go in that direction until they reach home.  

 
     
     
 
Task 1: Quiz Activity (10 points)
Instructions: The quiz below will have 10 questions. Read the questions and respond to each one as best you can. 

Quiz Questions

Q1
(Points: 1)
Carrier Pigeons are easily trained. 
A) Yes
B) No

Q2
(Points: 1)
The girl's uncle in the first Reading Content hates Carrier Pigeons and does not think they are useful. 
A) Yes
B) No

Q3
(Points: 1)
In the first story, the girl's Uncle sends notes every other week to his sister in the South. 
A) Yes
B) No

Q4
(Points: 4)
In World War II, how many Carrier Pigeons were used?  
A) 350,000
B) 250,000
C) 280,000
D) 90,000
E) 180,000

Q5
(Points: 3)
In the second article, where does David Martin discover the remains of a Carrier Pigeon from WWII?
A) His basement
B) His bedroom
C) His chimney
D) His bathroom
E) Inside of the wall

Standards Covered with This Quiz Activity: CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.4.1, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RF.4.3, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.4.9, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.4.4,
 
     
     
 
Task 2: Vocabulary Activity (30 points)
Instructions: For the next activity, please complete the following by choosing the correct meaning of each word selected from the passage. You will need to then use each word correctly in a sentence. 

Vocabulary Questions

Word/Phrase: decryption | Tier: 3 | Points: 10
Q1 In the article, the authory says: "Theories suggest the bird was making its way from behind enemy lines, perhaps from Nazi occupied France during the D Day invasions heading toward Bletchley Park which was Britain’s main decryption establishment during World War II..." What does the word "decryption" mean in this sentence?
A. Text or an unclear message that has been decoded or figured out *
B. A dirty room
C. A warehouse of pigeons
D. Somewhere to create messages

Which one of the following sentences uses the word "decryption" properly?
A. A computer can be used as a decryption device.
B. The personal assistant used decryption in her job interview. *
C. Companies similar to NASA most likely have a decryption establishment in order to decode information.
D. When I went to the store, I was able to use my decryption skills in order to find exactly what I was looking for.

Word/Phrase: capsule | Tier: 2 | Points: 10
Q2 In the article, David Martin says "Down came the leg with the red capsule on with a message inside.” What does the word "capsule" mean in this sentence?
A. A piece of paper with a message on it
B. A pigeon
C. A small case or container, esp. a round or cylindrical one *
D. A feather

Which one of the following sentences below uses the word "capsule" correctly?
A. When I was 14, I buried a time capsule in the ground a few items that would remind me of my childhood. *
B. In the morning, I wake up and put my capsule on with everything I need for the day.
C. Trucks could be considered to be a capsule.
D. The proper way to carry your groceries is in a capsule.

Word/Phrase: Valor | Tier: 2 | Points: 10
Q3 The author in the second story says "During the war the Dickin Medal, which is the highest possible animal’s decoration for valor, was awarded to 32 pigeons, including the United States Army Pigeon Service’s G.I. Joe and the Irish pigeon Paddy". What does the word "valor" mean in this sentence?
A. Hate
B. Pride
C. Fear
D. Courage or bravery *

Which one of the following sentences uses the word "valor" properly?
A. The student was punished in school for acts of valor.
B. The medals were awarded to the soldiers for acts of valor. *
C. The valor of a person or thing depends on how old they are.
D. The homeless man recieved money from a stranger as an act of valor.

Standards Covered with This Lesson Activity: CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RL.4.10, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RF.4.3, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RF.4.4, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.4.4, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.4.4a, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.4.5,
 
     
     
 
Task 3: Discussion Activity (30 points)
Instructions: This discussion forum will have questions for students to respond. Read the posted questions, and respond to each. Students are responsible for posting one initial and and two peer responses for each topic.

  Topic Title Replies

Message Why does the little girls Uncle value his pigeons so much?
In the first passage, the girl is describing her uncle's relationship and interest in Carrier Pigeons. Her Aunt thinks that the carrier pigeons are "silly". What are the reasons behind her Aunts disbelief in the Carrier Pigeons abilities? 
Sent on: Feb 21, 2014 by: Kelly Reis
0

Message Why does Martin's wife say it was like "Christmas"....
In the second content article, David Martins wife is particularly excited about their historical finding of the Carrier Pigeons remains. Why do you think she is so happy about their discovery? What makes this discovery so important and relevant to our History and World War II? 
Sent on: Feb 21, 2014 by: Kelly Reis
0

Standards Covered with This Lesson Activity: CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RL.4.1, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RL.4.3, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.4.1, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.4.3, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.4.1b, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.4.9, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.SL.4.3,
 
     
     
 
Task 4: Writing Activity (30 points)
Instructions: You are to write and post here a 250-500 word essay on why carrier pigeons have been beneficial to us in the past. After carefully reading the articles provided, make sure to provide at least 3 specific examples regarding their importance! 
Standards Covered with This Lesson Activity: CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RL.4.1, CSS.ELA-Literacy.RL.4.6, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RL.4.7, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.4.1, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.4.3, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.4.5, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.4.9, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RF.4.3, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.4.1, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.4.1b, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.SL.4.4, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.4.2, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.4.6,
 
     

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