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A Lesson on Penguins Export Lesson as PDF | Save As Favorite

A Lesson on Penguins Grade: Grade 4
Subject: English Language Arts
Created by: Daina King
Lesson Length: 1 hour 30 minutes
Keywords/Tags: Penguins
Lesson Description: This lesson about penguins will help your students with grade level appropriate vocabulary, main idea, and supporting answers with evidence based text.
Common Core Standards Covered with This Lesson
  • CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RL.4.1: Refer to details and examples in a text when explaining what the text says explicitly and when drawing inferences from the text.
  • CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RL.4.4: Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including those that allude to significant characters found in mythology (e.g., Herculean).
  • CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.4.1: Refer to details and examples in a text when explaining what the text says explicitly and when drawing inferences from the text.
  • CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.4.2: Determine the main idea of a text and explain how it is supported by key details; summarize the text.
  • CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.4.2: Write informative/explanatory texts to examine a topic and convey ideas and information clearly.
 
     
     
 
Lesson Content: Reading
Instructions: Please read the following reading passage as many times as needed (aloud and silent) before starting to go through other lesson pages. Understanding the content of this passage is very important since the lesson activities will be all about this content. Feel free to print the passage if needed.

Penguins

The penguin is a bird, but it does not fly. Penguins are not like other birds.They are unique birds, and although they do have feathers, even their feathers are unusual. Other birds have rows of feathers that grow in a specific pattern. A penguin’s feathers grow all over, like hair on a mammal. You will not see penguins in the air, and you will not see them in trees. You will see them in the water, in fact you will see them below the surface of the water if you have an underwater video camera.

The penguin is an ocean bird, living in and near the ocean. The penguin spends much time in the ocean, so much of its life is unknown. People only get to know penguins well when they are on land, and the penguin can be at sea for months at a time.

While the penguin is not a great flier as the eagle is, the penguin can out-swim most birds and probably out-swims some other aquatic animals. The penguin has thick strong wings and flippers instead of feet that it uses to push through the water. When the penguin is on land, it walks along slowly, and this limited mobility may be one reason the penguin spends more time in the water. The penguin’s food source is in the water, the fish it catches. They have solid bones, while other birds have bones that are not solid.

 
     
     
 
Task 1: Vocabulary Activity (40 points)
Instructions: Please complete the following vocabulary activity by choosing the correct meaning of each word selected from the passage and use of each word correctly in a sentence.

Vocabulary Questions

Word/Phrase: unique | Tier: 2 | Points: 10
Q1 The author in this story stated, "Penguins are not like other birds. They are unique birds..." What does the word "unique" mean in this sentence?
A. Similar to other things
B. Unlike anything else *
C. Exactly the same
D. Common

Which one of the sentences below uses the word "unique" correctly?
A. John is a unique name.
B. David had a unique hat, just like all the other boys in his class.
C. The paintings were so unique, they didn't even require a signature from the artist. *
D. It was unique to cry during the movie when the dog passed away.

Word/Phrase: Specific | Tier: 2 | Points: 10
Q2 The author in this story stated, \"Other birds have rows of feathers that grow in a specific pattern.\" \r\nWhat does the word \"specific\" mean in this sentence?
A. particular *
B. like others
C. common
D. normal

Which one of the sentences below uses the word \"specific\" correctly?
A. The boy was specific and did not give good directions.
B. The teacher was specific because she forgot to tell the students where to sit.
C. The driver got lost because the directions were too specific.
D. There was a specific key that would fit into the door. *

Word/Phrase: Mammal | Tier: 3 | Points: 10
Q3 The author in this story stated, "A penguin’s feathers grow all over, like hair on a mammal." What does the word "mammal" mean?
A. An animal that eats meat
B. Any warm-blooded animal having skin more or less covered with hair *
C. An animal that can fly and eats only fish
D. A cold-blooded animal having skin more or less covered with hair

Which one of the sentences below uses the word "mammal" correctly?
A. A lizard is a mammal because it eats insects.
B. A dog is a mammal because it is warm-blooded. *
C. Mammals are only born in the ocean.
D. A fish is a mammal because it lives in the water.

Word/Phrase: aquatic | Tier: 3 | Points: 10
Q4 The author in this story stated, "While the penguin is not a great flier as the eagle is, the penguin can out-swim most birds and probably out-swims some other aquatic animals." What does the word "aquatic" mean in this sentence?
A. On or relating to land.
B. An animal that is born in the ocean.
C. In or relating to water. *
D. To live in a jungle.

Which one of these sentences below uses the word "aquatic" correctly?
A. Water skiing is an aquatic sport. *
B. Lions are aquatic animals.
C. A cactus does well in an aquatic environment.
D. Aquatic plants and animals can be found in the desert.

Standards Covered with This Lesson Activity: CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RL.4.4,
 
     
     
 
Task 2: Discussion Activity (30 points)
Instructions: This discussion forum will have questions for students to respond. Read the posted questions, and respond to each. Students are responsible for posting one initial and and two peer responses for each topic.

  Topic Title Replies

Message Why do you think the penguin is not good at flying?
The reading passage talks about how penuins are not great fliers like some other birds.  What about the penguin might make it hard to fly?  Does it have different features from other birds?  Think about the characteristics of penguins and provide your answer in complete sentences.  
Sent on: Sep 9, 2015 by: Daina King
0

Message What about the penguin makes it better at moving in water than moving around on land?
The penguin has very distinct features.  How do these features help the penguin in water, and limit their mobility on land?
Sent on: Sep 9, 2015 by: Daina King
0

Message Why do you think penguins are different that other birds?
Is there something about where penguins live or what they have to do to survive that makes them different from other birds?  Why don't they fly or sit in trees like other birds?  What makes it possible for them to live where they do?
Sent on: Sep 9, 2015 by: Daina King
0

Standards Covered with This Lesson Activity: CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RL.4.1, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.4.1,
 
     
     
 
Task 3: Writing Activity (30 points)
Instructions: What is the main idea of the passage "Penguins"?  What is the authors purpose to the reader?  Use specific examples from the text to support your answer.
Standards Covered with This Lesson Activity: CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.4.2, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.4.2,
 
     

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