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Types of Bilingual Education Programs
Types of Bilingual Education Program
Bilingual education: Information is presented to the students in more than one language. Many educational systems and programs are bilingual in some sense, but the degree to which the two (or more) instructional languages are utilized and the structure of the programs differ greatly.
*Submersion: Student is placed in an English-speaking classroom with native English speakers, regardless of the student's level of proficiency in English. The student is expected to learn the content of the material taught in English, even though he or she may still be learning the language. This is not technically ‘bilingual education', as the material is presented in only one language (English).
*Two-way bilingual education: Fluent or native speakers of both English and another language are placed in the same classroom and instructed in both languages alternately. The goal is for both groups of speakers to become fluent in the other language. This form of education is most effective if implemented for a period of several years or more.
*English as a Second Language (ESL): Non-English speaking students are placed in English-speaking classrooms for part of the day. The other part of the day the students are in a classroom with a trained ESL instructor, where they receive individual and concentrated instruction on the learning of English. The students are held responsible for the content taught in the English-speaking courses they take.
*Immersion: Students are instructed in a foreign language for entire school day. Immersion programs differ from submersion programs in that immersion is usually designed to teach "majority language speakers" (standard English speakers, in this case) a foreign language. Most of the students who are able to participate in such a program are of higher socioeconomic status, and always participate voluntarily. Such programs tend to be very effective in fostering bilingualism in its students.
*Three language system: Students are initially educated in an official state language. A second language, an official language of the Union, is introduced after approximately two years. After another several years, a third language, "any Modern Indian Language" not already taught, is introduced academically. At the conclusion of the child's education, he or she will be proficient (if not fluent) in at least three languages. However, the system does not "provide a place for such mother tongues that are different from the Regional Languages", though more languages are represented in this program.
Source:
http://sitemaker.umich.edu/370blinged/different_types_of_bilingual_education |
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| Comments posted for this article: 10 |
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Unfortunately, the most common way for Non-English speakers to learn in American schools systems is through Submersion. I learned in one of my classes that the Two-Way Bilingual Education is used in Canada, and some places in Florida, and it is highly successful. Both parties benefit, because they both end up bilingual in the end, there is also a higher acceptance rate when both parties are learning a new language and seek their peers for assistance. If more American public school systems offered a variety of Bilingual Education Programs, there would be less hostility and more acceptance to the Non-English Speakers. |
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Posted on: February 16, 2013 10:36 am
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I think the best program is English as a second language because students are placed in an all English teaching environment half the day and then the other have receive help from a ESOL teacher that can speak there language as well. Mostly today you see submersion in america and I think it would be helpful if we tried other ways as well. |
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Posted on: February 18, 2013 5:06 pm
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I think a variety of different techniques should be provided to students and their parents. Every child is different and learns and adjusts differently. Using other techniques besides submersion can be very helpful. Teachers need to know and find out what technique would best fit their student! Overall, very useful article! |
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Posted on: February 19, 2013 6:14 am
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I believe that English as a second language is the best program for these students. It allows them to receive one on one time as well as time in their classroom with all of their peers. I do not think that a student should be away from their classroom all day just because he/she speaks a different language. That student can also learn English by being with their classmates. |
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Posted on: February 19, 2013 6:36 pm
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I am an ESL teacher and see the ESL and, unfortunately, submersion models on a daily basis. The students are held responsible for the content of the classes in either case. Our ESL teacher crew tries to serve as many of the kids as often as we can, but with around 400 students and only four full-time, ESL teachers, this is a difficult task. Our ESL certified, content teachers are even a little overwhelmed at the number of newbies we continue to receive from South America.
This is a great run down of a few general structures. These ESL kids are a special group! |
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Posted on: October 18, 2014 1:32 am
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I like how this article explains the difference between all of them. |
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Posted on: October 20, 2014 9:57 pm
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Helpful information! |
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Posted on: March 15, 2015 11:59 pm
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I didn't realize their were so many different formations of classroom settings in ESOL. |
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Posted on: October 17, 2015 9:14 am
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The only type of instruction I have witnessed is Submersion where a student who speaks another language is put into a class and has to try to learn without a translator. It was interesting to hear all of the other types of instruction there are |
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Posted on: October 13, 2016 6:08 pm
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Thank you for the clarification. We are touching on this is in my ESOL course at the moment. |
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Posted on: March 4, 2017 2:56 am
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